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Sound Transit's 2009 daily riders average on Seattle
Central Link Light Rail revised to be 15,546 -- forecast was 19,800

New information as of February 1, 2010: Sound Transit has made technical adjustments in previous counts after discovery of errors in the counting process. The new estimated daily weekday, non-holiday average count of boardings for 2009 is now reported as 15,546, formerly 14,910. Documentation of this change is here.

This page covers Seattle's new light rail passenger counts from the first day of revenue service July 20, 2009 through January 31, 2010.  All train rides were free on the opening weekend July 18-19, and the ridership estimate counted by hand was 92,397, with a machine count of 66,792. These two free days are not included on the charts below.

On September 19, 2009, Metro bus routes were revised to drop off more customers at light rail stations, and ridership showed an uptick in the days following. October, 2009 average daily weekday boardings were 16,192, a new monthly high. That monthly average has not been exceeded in the subsequent three months. Following highs in October, ridership trended downward until December 19, when the Airport extension opened, and an upward trend manifested at the end of the year. Ridership then flattened in January at a level higher than the December average, as shown in the chart above. 

The overall average boardings per non-holiday weekday for all of 2009 since revenue service began was 15,546, which is 79% of the forecast of 19,800 Sound Transit established for 2009, as shown in the Central Link Operations Plan on Table 5-1, PDF page 38.  The chart below shows only 2009 weekdays, non-holiday.

In January 2010 the average weekday boarding count was 15,965, more than 14,913 the month before, but less than in the high established last October of 16,192.

In comparison, consider recent, pre-Link weekday average boarding counts for three King County Metro lines covering part of the same or parallel corridors: Route 48: 13,800, Route 7: 11,000, Route 194: 4,800.  Link beats any one bus line, but of course a comparison should be based on changes in ridership across the entire portion of the network as reconfigured after the train line opens, for the following reason:

General transit operating philosophy in bus-rail combined systems is to feed as many bus lines as practical to rail stations in order to deliver bus passengers to what is expected to be a faster, higher capacity mode. Some one-seat bus rides become bus and rail journeys with a transfer during the trip.

Depending on the routing and frequency of feeder buses, as well as the route, frequency, and capacity of the train, a transit journey after the advent of rail may or may not be faster and more comfortable for a particular customer than the all-bus predecessor.  It is the aggregated response of the entire market to the changes brought by a new rail line that makes for success or failure of a project like Link.  The jury is still out on Link.

Sound Transit is required to produce a Before And After Study on the impact of Link, to be delivered at some future point in time to the Federal Transit Administration and the public.

On July 30, 2009, in a burst of enthusiasm, Sound Transit forecast 21,000 per day on Link light rail by year end. That number was reached once, on October 1, 2009 when a daily high of 21,374 was achieved. The best day in 2009 after the Airport extension opened was 19,972 on December 28. This daily number established in the Christmas holiday period has not yet been exceeded through the end of January.

The next hope for increased ridership on Seattle's light rail has arrived now that the Metro 194 express bus in the same corridor (Seattle bus tunnel to SeaTac Airport) has been discontinued, as of February 6, 2010. New monthly ridership data releases will soon reveal the market response to this and other changes, and will be documented on revisions to this page. 

 

Note: Sound Transit states that the daily readings charted on this page are estimates and subject to revision. Counting weekends and holidays above shows more daily variation than counting only normal week days.  The lows on the chart above are generally Sundays and holidays, when fewer trains are running.

Below are the revised counts for the non-holiday weekday boardings through end of 2009. These counts on regular commuting days are of interest to the U.S. DOT, which requires periodic reporting from U.S. transit agencies. The red lines on the charts show the 15 day moving average.

Sound Transit uses photoelectric "beam" passenger sensors above the eight doors on ten of the 35 rail cars in service and then extrapolates to all the cars on all runs during a service day. This way of counting passenger rail boardings is standard in the U.S. transit industry. Following further revisions, numbers similar to the above will be Sound Transit's official report on passengers served provided to the public and U.S. Government.

Click here for the data sheet (pdf) provided by Sound Transit to PITF on August 20, 2009.

Click here for the data sheet (pdf) provided on September 8, 2009.

Click here for the data sheet (pdf) provided on October 5, 2009.

Click here for the data sheet (pdf) provided on November 9, 2009

Click here for the data sheet (pdf) provided on December 15, 2009

Click here for the data sheet (pdf) provided on January 12, 2010

Click here for revised weekday boarding data (pdf) provided on February 1, 2010

Click here for the data sheet (pdf) provided on February 23, 2010


Photo of the automated passenger counting electronic eye on Link rail cars number 101 to 110, about a third of them. As of October, cars 111 to 135 do not have these counters installed.  Total boarding counts are extrapolated from numbers recorded on the cars where the counters exist.

Click here for the Seattle P-I news report of August 25th on Sound Transit's passenger counting problems (external link) that caused a revision in the estimated count.

Click for Highline Times story on Metro Bus route changes September 19th providing more connections to light rail stations (external link).

Click here for complete information from Sound Transit on riding Central Link Light Rail. The seated capacity of the trains is far from being used during most hours of the day, so now -- in the early months of operation -- is a good time to experience light rail. There is plenty of free parking at the Tukwila Station near SeaTac Airport; at the downtown end of the line, the easiest access is via Metro Bus to downtown Seattle's Transit Tunnel, where you can transfer to the train.

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Last modified: March 03, 2010